British and American variants of English. Lexical differences.

English is today recognized a common international language. It is used in all domestic routes, hundreds of millions of people of different nationalities want spoken and write on English language. It is the language of modern business, science, records management, information technology and of course, communication. Relevance.

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. Differences between the English language in America and English in the UK for a long time been discussed as a special language, and in popular literature. The debate over which of the variants of the English language should be considered "exemplary" and should be considered a American English separate language or think that British completely separate frоm English, it is problem continues to this day. The object of study is English. The subject is the similarities and differences between British and American English. The purpose of the work is to determine the similarities and differences between British and American English. Based on the goal, the following tasks were identified: 1. To research history of American English origin. 2. To research history of British English origin. 3. To research lexical differences between American and British varieties of English. 4. To research grammatical differences. 5. To research British English and American English pronunciation. The study consists of introduction, two chapters, conclusion and list of references.  

In the course of work, we came to the following conclusions: 1. American English has been the language of American continent for more that three centuries. These two versions of English are the results of the different historical development of England and America. 2. The English language is of Germanic origin. Old English had many inflections to show various grammar forms (e. g. singular, plural, tense, person). The pronunciation was different as well. But over centuries words have been simplified and in fact have very few inflections now, but pronunciation and spelling become more difficult. English borrowed words frоm many other languages - French, Spanish, even Czech. 3. There are the great differences in vocabulary. These differences are important, because our ignoring them may lead to unpleasant misunderstanding. There are many differences in the names of foodstuffs, shop and clothing. 4. The differences in grammar are also so few. E. g. most American say: „Do you have? I don’t have” where an Englishman would say: “Have you got? I haven’t got”. 5. The American pronunciation has preserved a feature of the language in its earlier stages of development while the British pronunciation of these days appears to be more developed in comparison with it. The American speak somewhat more slowly than the English. 

1. American vs British Pronunciation. – 2018. – URL: https://pronunciationstudio.com/american-vs-british-pronunciation/ (date of appeal 13.12.19). 2. Baugh Albert C., Cable Thomas. A History of the English Language. – 5th ed. – 2019. – 448 p. – URL: https://www.academia.edu/29773747/A_History_of_the_English_Language._Albert_C_Baugh_and_Thomas_Cable (date of appeal 12.12.19). 3. Crystal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. – Cambridge. 2014. – 729 p. 4. Debjani Sanyal, Camellia School. A Comparative Analysis of Lexical Variation in American and British English with special reference to few selеcted words. – 2019. – URL: https://rupkatha.com/exical-variation-in-american-and-british-english/ (date of appeal 13.12.19). 5. Giuseppina Scotto di Carlo. Lexical Differences between American and British English: a Survey Study. – 2014. – URL: http://elies.rediris.es/Language_Design/LD15/LD15_03_Scotto_di_Carlo.pdf (date of appeal 13.12.19). 6. Graddol David. English Next. – British Council, 2017. – 132 c. 7. History of English. – 2018. – URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20171018113704/http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/vajda/ling201/test3materials/HistEngoverhead.htm (date of appeal 13.12.19). 8. International Bureau of Weights and Measures. – 8th ed. – 2006. URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20170814094625/http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8_en.pdf (date of appeal 13.12.19). 9. Jeffries Stuart. The G2 guide to regional English. – 2009. – URL: https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2009/mar/27/regional-english-dialects (date of appeal 13.12.19). 10. Kerry G. Maxwell and Lindsay Clandfield. Differences in American and British English grammar – article. – 2016. – URL: http://www.onestopenglish.com/grammar/grammar-reference/american-english-vs-british-english/differences-in-american-and-british-english-grammar-article/152820.article (date of appeal 13.12.19). 11. Laird Charlton. Language in America. – Prentice-Hall; Prism edition, 1972. – 556 p. 12. Mc Crum, Cran and Macneil. The Story of English. New and Revised Edition. – Penguin Books, 2002. – 486 p. 13. The History of English - Early Modern English (c. 1500 - c. 1800). – URL: http://www.thehistoryofenglish.com/history_early_modern.html (date of appeal 13.12.19). 14. Tolkien J. R. R. English and Welsh // The Monsters and the Critics and Other Essays. – 1983. – P. 162-197. 15. Trudgill, Peter. Language in the British Isles. – Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1984. – P. 56–57.