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London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the largest city in the British Isles. It is located on the River Thames, 64 km frоm its mouth. London is one of the major ports of Britain and the main industrial center of the country. The area of the city is 1560 square kilometers.

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Its population is nearly 7 million people. London plays a leading role in political and cultural life of Britain. It is home to Parliament, the government and the highest authority of justice. As a cultural center, London has become famous for its museums and art galleries, theaters and musical life. The city is also known for its many ancient churches, which are home to national shrines. London has always been a very active participant in international affairs. Once the capital of the British Empire, it still plays an important role as the center of the Commonwealth. London is the center of international business life and the hub of international airlines. The heart of London is the City of London, its financial and business center. Numerous banks, institutions and firms are located here, as well as the English Bank, the Stock Exchange and the Central Criminal Court, which is located in the Old Bailey. Few people live here, but over a million people commute to the City for work. The City is home to several famous old buildings. Perhaps the most remarkable of these is St. Paul's Cathedral, the largest of England's churches. It was built in the 17th century by Christopher Wren. The Tower of London was founded by Julius Caesar and rebuilt in 1066 by William the Conqueror. It was used as a fortress, royal palace and prison. It is now a museum. Greater London is divided into 32 boroughs known as London boroughs. These include Westminster, Kensington, Harrow and others. The City of London is also an administrative part of Greater London, but it does not have borough status. The City is a unique administrative unit, a ceremonial county with Sui generis status, which translates frоm Latin as "without precedent, one of a kind. The purpose of this paper is to study the commercial heart of London - the City of London. In fulfilling this goal we will help us perform the following tasks: 1. Reveal the historical context of the foundation and development of London 2. Identify the main characteristics that are inherent in the City of London.

The City of London is a unique place. As the financial center of the entire country, the City nevertheless has a high degree of autonomy. The centuries-old history of the relationship between royalty and Parliament and the City of London magistrates has created the City of London that we all know. The City of London has its own coat of arms, flag and motto, which have been in existence for centuries. By comparison, the City of Greater London does not have its own coat of arms. The City of London's coat of arms depicts a shield with a cross of St. George and a sword, the shield is held by dragons on both sides. Under the shield is the motto, "Lord, guide us. The flag of the City is an image on a shield - a red cross and a sword.

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