Vietnam’s strategic interests in the South China Sea: Challenges and options

Relevance. The South China Sea has been a source of tension and disputes among several countries, including Vietnam, China, the Philippines, and Malaysia. For Vietnam, the region holds significant economic and security interests, as it is a crucial maritime route for trade and commerce and is rich in natural resources. However, its territorial claims in the region have been challenged by China's aggressive actions, including the construction of military bases and artificial islands. This article will explore the challenges faced by Vietnam in the South China Sea and the options available to protect its interests and maintain stability in the region [8]. Territorial disputes in the South China Sea involve conflicting island and maritime claims in the region by several sovereign states, namely Brunei, the People's Republic of China (PRC), Taiwan (Republic of China/ROC), Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. The disputes involve the islands, reefs, banks, and other features of the South China Sea, including the Spratly Islands, Paracel Islands, Scarborough Shoal, and various boundaries in the Gulf of Tonkin. The waters near the Indonesian Natuna Islands, which some regard as geographically part of the South China Sea, are disputed as well. Maritime disputes also extend beyond the South China Sea, as in the case of the Senkaku Islands and the Socotra Rock, which lie in the East China Sea.[1] An estimated US$3.

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.37 trillion worth of global trade passes through the South China Sea annually, which accounts for a third of the global maritime trade. 80 percent of China's energy imports and 39.5 percent of China's total trade passes through the South China Sea. Claimant states are interested in retaining or acquiring the rights to fishing stocks, the exploration and potential exploitation of crude oil and natural gas in the seabed of various parts of the South China Sea, and the strategic control of important shipping lanes. Maritime security is also an issue, as the ongoing disputes present challenges for shipping [4]. The purpose of this work is to study Vietnam's claims to the South China Sea To achieve this goal , the following tasks were set : o investigate the claims and disputes of all countries claiming the South China Sea o to trace Vietnam's interests in this conflict and understand the causes of these problems This work consists of two chapters, an introduction and a conclusion.

In conclusion, the South China Sea remains a complex and volatile region with multiple challenges for Vietnam. The country faces a delicate balancing act between protecting its territorial claims, safeguarding its economic and security interests, and avoiding escalation with China. Vietnam's options for dealing with these challenges include diplomatic engagement, multilateral cooperation, and military preparedness. Ultimately, a peaceful and stable South China Sea requires all parties to respect international law, uphold freedom of navigation, and pursue constructive dialogue and cooperation. All tasks are completed. The ace claims of Vietnam, as well as many other countries on the waters of the South China Sea were studied. Thus, the South China Sea is a network that connects the economies of various countries of the world, allowing the exchange of resources, goods and technologies. In addition, extensive biological resources are concentrated in this region, there are significant reserves of oil and gas, as well as deposits of minerals and precious metals. From this we can conclude that the South China Sea is extremely important not only for the economic development of the Asia-Pacific countries, but also for the global economy as a whole.

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